Articles

Special Journal Issues

2025: International AffairsSoft Balancing in the Regions,” Special Journal Section (with Anders Wivel and Kai He) Vol. 101, no.1, January.

2024: Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs,, “India’s Strategy toward Great Powers:Balancing and Diplomatic Engagement Revisited,” December (Editor with C. Vinodan). 11(4), December.

2021: International Affairs, Special Issue on “Deglobalization? The Future of the Liberal International Order,” 97(5), Fall  (co-editor with Markus Kornpbrobst).

2020: Ethics and International Affairs, Fall, Special Section on “International Institutions and Peaceful Change,” 34 (4) (co-editor with Kai He and Anders Wivel).

2019: Asian Security, Spring, special Issue on “China-India Naval Competition,” (co-editor with Rajesh Basrur and Anit Mukherjee).

2018: International Studies Review, 20(2, June 2018- on Understanding Change in World Politics (ISA Presidential Issue- Co-editor with J. Andrew Grant).

Selected Journal Articles

2025: “Soft Balancing in the Regions: Causes, Characteristics and Consequences” (with Kai He and Anders Wivel), International Affairs, Vol. 101, no.1, January, pp. 3-15. [PDF]

2024: “India Rising,” (with Erik Underwood), Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics, Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.ORE_POL-02163.R2

2024:  “The Sino-Indian Rivalry and Balance of Power Theory: Explaining India’s Underbalancing,” Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs, December.[PDF]

2023:  “The Spectre of Deglobalization,” Current History,” 122, no. 840 (January), 3-8. [PDF]

2022:  “Realism, Liberalism and Regional Order in East Asia: Toward a Hybrid Approach,” Pacific Review, 35, no.1 (Fall), 1028-48. [PDF]

2022:  “Building an Eclectic and Inclusive Global IR: Challenges and Opportunities in the 21st Century,” Indian Journal of Politics and International Relations 12 (13), Jan-Feb, 38-45. [PDF]

2022: “Realism, liberalism and regional order in East Asia: toward a hybrid approach,” Pacific Review,
35(1), Fall [PDF]

2021: “Globalization, De-globalization and Re-Globalization: Adapting Liberal International Order,” International Affairs, 97(5), Fall, pp. 1599-1620. [PDF]

2021: “Introduction: Globalization, De-globalization and the Liberal International Order,”(with Markus Kornpbrobst) International Affairs, 97(5), Fall, 1305-16. [PDF]

2020: “Introduction: International Institutions and Peaceful Change,” (with Kai He and Anders Wivel,  Ethics and International Affairs, Winter,  34 (4), 457-59. [PDF]

2020: “Soft Balancing, Institutions and Peaceful Change” (with Anders Wivel), Ethics and International Affairs, Winter, 34 (4), 473-85. [PDF]

2020: “China’s Rise and Balance of Power Politics,” with Zhen Han, The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 13 (1), 1-26. [PDF]

2020: “Balance of Power,” with Erik Underwood, Oxford Bibliographies in International Law,
https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199796953/obo-9780199796953-0202.xml?rskey=XOrnNM&result=1&q=balance+of+power#firstMatch.
[PDF]

2019: “Revisiting the Security Dilemma through the Lens of India-China Relations” (with RajeshBasrur and Anit Mukherjee), Asian Security, 15(1); pp.1-4.

2019: “Theorizing India-US-China strategic triangle,” with Erik Underwood, India Review, 18 (4), 348-367. [PDF]

2019: “When Balance of Power Meets Globalization: China, India and the Small States of South Asia,” Politics, 39 (1), 50-63. [PDF]

2018: “Assessing Change in World Politics,” International Studies Review, 20 (2), 177-185. [PDF]

2017: “Recasting Statecraft: International Relations and Strategies of Peaceful Change,” International Studies Quarterly, 61(1), March, 1-13. [PDF]

2016: “Nuclear Doctrines and Stable Strategic Relationships: The Case of South Asia” with Mahesh Shankar, International Affairs, 92(1); pp.1-20. [PDF]

2016: “Self-Deterrence: Nuclear Weapons and the Enduring Credibility Challenge,” International Journal, 71(1): pp. 2-40. [PDF]

2014: “Strategies for Managing China’s Rise,” Harvard Asia Quarterly 16(2), 11-18. [PDF]

2014: “India’s Soft Power in a Globalizing World,” Current History, April, 157-62. [PDF]

2012: “Disarmament Revisited: Is Nuclear Abolition Possible?” Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 149-169. [PDF]

2010: “Taboo or Tradition: The Non-Use of Nuclear Weapons in World Politics,” Review of International Studies, 6, October, pp. 853-863. [PDF]

2010: “Integrating International Relations Studies in India to Global Scholarship,” International Studies, 46 (1-2), 129-45. [PDF]

2007: “Why the US-India Nuclear Accord is a Good Deal,” (with Mahesh Shankar) Survival 49 (4), Winter, pp. 111-22. [PDF]

2007: “The US.-India Nuclear Accord: Implications for the Non-Proliferation Regime,” International Journal, 62(4) Autumn, pp. 845-61. [PDF]

2006: “Why Has the India-Pakistan Rivalry Been So Enduring? Power Asymmetry and an Intractable Conflict,” Security Studies, 15(4) October-December, 600-630. [PDF]

2005: “Soft Balancing in the Age of U.S. Primacy,” International Security, 30(1) Summer, pp. 46-71. [PDF]

2005: “Globalization and the National Security State: A Framework for Analysis,” (with Norrin Ripsman) International Studies Review, 7(2) June, pp.199-227. [PDF]

2004: “Under Pressure? Globalization and the National Security State,” Millennium, (with Norrin Ripsman) 33 (2), December, 355-380. [PDF]

2003: “Chinese/Pakistani Nuclear/Missile Ties and Balance of Power Politics,” The Nonproliferation Review, 10 (2), Summer, 1-9. [PDF]

2003: “Systemic Conditions and Security Cooperation: Explaining the Persistence of the Nuclear Non Proliferation Regime,” Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 16(1), April, 135-55. [PDF]

1998: “The Systemic Bases of India’s Challenge to the Global Nuclear Order,” Non- Proliferation Review, 6(1), Fall:1-11. [PDF]

1996: “Strengthening the Non-Proliferation Regime: The Role of Coercive Sanctions,” International Journal, 51(3) Summer, 440-65. [PDF]

1995: “Nuclear Taboo and War Initiation: Nuclear Weapons in Regional Conflicts,” Journal of Conflict Resolution, 39(4), December, 696-717. [PDF]

1995: “The Paradox of Power: Nuclear Weapons in a Changed World,” Alternatives, 20(4), November, 479-500. [PDF]

1995: “Time Pressure and War Initiation: Some Linkages,” Canadian Journal of Political Science, 27(2) June, 255-76. [PDF]

1992: “Influence through Arms Transfers: Lessons from the US-Pakistani Relationship,” Asian Survey, 32(12) Dec., 1078-92. [PDF]

1986: “Nuclear Free-zone in the South Pacific – Rhetoric or Reality?” The Round Table, No. 299, pp. 252-62. [PDF]

Selected Book Chapters

2025: “The New Cold War, Regional Orders and Peaceful Change,” (with Markus Kornprobst) in The New Cold War and Regional Orders in the 21st Century  (Georgetown University Press, pp. 1-27).

2025: “How International Organizations Promote or Detract from Peaceful Change,” (with Anders Wivel and Kai He, in Paul, Wivel and He eds. 
International Organizations and Peaceful Change in World Politics(Cambridge University Press, pp. 3-30).  

2022: “India’s Role in South Asia; A Regional Power with global Ambitions,” in David Shambaugh ed., International Relations of Asia, 3rdnd edn., (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, pp.161-186).

2021: “The Study of Peaceful Change in World Politics,” in  Paul, Et. Al. eds. The Oxford  Handbook of Peaceful Change in International Relations (New York: Oxford University Press, 3-27).

2021: “A New Research Agenda for the Study of Peaceful Change” (co-author) in Paul et al eds. The Oxford Handbook of Peaceful Change in International Relations  (New York: Oxford University Press, pp.763-78).

2020: “The Rise of China and the Emerging Order in the Indo-Pacific Region,” in Huiyun Feng and Kai He, eds.  China’s Challenges and International Order Transition: Beyond the ‘Thucydides Trap’ (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, pp. 71-94).

2019:Exploring International Institutions and Power Politics,” (with Anders Wivel) in Wiveland Paul eds. International Institutions and Power Politics: Bridging the Divide (Georgetown University Press, pp.3-19).

2019: “Maximizing Security through International Institutions: Soft Balancing Strategies Reconsidered,” (with Anders Wivel) in Wivel and Paul eds. International Institutions and Power Politics: Bridging the Divide (Georgetown University Press), pp. 89-100.

2019: “Mitigating Security Dilemma in the Sino-Indian Rivalry,” in Rajesh Basrur, AnitMukherjee, and T.V. Paul eds. India-China Maritime Competition: The Security Dilemma at Sea (London: Routledge), pp.182-87.

2019: “The Indian Ocean and the India-China Security Dilemma”, with Rajesh Basrur, AnitMukherjee, in Basrur, Mukherjee, Paul eds. India-China Maritime Competition: The Security Dilemma at Sea (London: Routledge), pp.1-9.

2018: “Explaining Conflict and Cooperation in the Sino-Indian Rivalry,” in Paul ed., China-India Rivalry in the Globalization Era (Washington DC: Georgetown University Press, pp.3-26.

2016: “The Accommodation of Rising Powers in World Politics,” in Paul ed., Accommodating Rising Powers (Cambridge University Press), pp.3-32.

2016: “Nuclear Abolition: Strategic Context and Constrains,” in Nik Hynek and Michal Smetana eds. Global Nuclear Disarmament: Strategic, Political, and Regional Perspectives (London: Routledge, 15-30).

2014: “India’s Role in Asia: A Rising Regional Power,” in David Shambaugh and Michael Yahuda eds., International Relations of Asia 2nd edn., Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2014.

2014: “Status and World Order” with Deborah Larson  and William Wohlforth in Status in World Politics, Cambridge University Press, pp. 3-31.

2014: “Status Accommodation through Institutional Means: India’s Rise and the Global Order” with Mahesh Shankar in Status in World Politics, Cambridge University Press, pp. 165-191.

2012: “Regional Transformation in International Relations” in Paul ed., International Relations Theory and Regional Transformation, Cambridge University Press, pp. 3-21.

2011: “Impact of Climatic Change on Indian Security: The Role of State Capacity,” in Daniel Moran ed., Climate Change and National Security: A Country-level Analysis, Washington DC; Georgetown University Press, pp. 73-84.

2010: “State Capacity and South Asia’s Perennial Insecurity Problems,” in Paul ed., South Asia’s Weak States: Understanding Regional Insecurity, Stanford University Press, pp. 3-27.

2010: “Transforming South Asia: Is a Pluralistic Security Community Feasible? With Theodore McLauchlin in Paul ed., South Asia’s Weak States: Understanding Regional Insecurity, Stanford University Press, pp. 293-311.

2010: “Foreign Policy Making in India: Looking for Theoretical Explanations,” With Mahesh Shankar, in Amitabh Mattoo and Happymon Jacob, eds.,Shaping India’s Foreign Policy: People, Politics and Places, New Delhi: Har-Anand Publishers, 46-77.

2009: “Complex Deterrence: An Introduction,” in Paul, Morgan, Wirtz eds., Complex Deterrence: Strategy in the Global Age, University of Chicago Press, Press, pp. 1-27.

2009: “Deterrence among Great Powers in an Era of Globalization,” in Paul, Morgan, Wirtz eds., Complex Deterrence: Strategy in the Global Age, University of Chicago Press, pp. 259-76.

2009: “Nuclear Weapons and Asian Security in the Twenty-first Century,” in N.S. Sisodia, V. Krishnappa, and Priyanka Singh, eds., Proliferation and Emerging Nuclear Order in the Twenty-first Century, New Delhi: Academic Foundation, pp. 29-43.

2009: “Soft Balancing in the Age of U.S. Primacy,” in Michael E. Brown, Owen R. Cote, Jr. and Sean M. Lynn-Jones eds., Primacy and Its Discontents: American Power and International Stability, Cambridge, MIT Press, pp. 288-313 (Reprint of International Security article).

2005: “The Causes of the India-Pakistan Rivalry,” in Paul, ed., The India-Pakistan Conflict: An Enduring Rivalry, Cambridge University Press, pp.3-24.

2005: “South Asia’s Embedded Conflict: Understanding the India-Pakistan Rivalry” (with William Hogg), in Paul, ed., The India-Pakistan Conflict: An Enduring Rivalry, Cambridge University Press, pp.251-266.

2005: “The Risk of Nuclear War Does not Belong to History” in Raimo Vayrynen, ed., The Waning of Major War: London: Frank Cass, pp.113-132.

2005: “The National Security State and Global Terrorism: Why the State is Not Prepared for the New Kind of War,” in Ersel Aydinli and James N. Rosenau eds. Globalization, Security and the Nation-State, Albany: SUNY Press, pp. 49-64.

2004: “The Causes and Consequences of China-Pakistan Nuclear/Missile Collaboration,” in Lowell Dittmer ed., South Asia’s Nuclear Dilemma, New York: M.E. Sharpe, pp. 175-88.

2004: “The Enduring Axioms of Balance of Power Theory,” in Paul, Wirtz and Fortmann, eds., Balance of Power: Theory and Practice in the 21st Century, Stanford University Press, pp.1-25.

2004: “Balance of Power at the Turn of the New Century,” (With Fortmann and Wirtz), in Paul, Wirtz and Fortmann, eds., Balance of Power: Theory and Practice in the 21st Century, Stanford University Press, pp. 360-74.

2003: “States, Security Function and Global Social Forces,” in Paul, Ikenberry, and Hall eds., The Nation-State in Question, Princeton University Press, 139-165.

2002: “India, the International System and Nuclear Weapons,” in Damodar Sardesai and Raju G.C. Thomas eds. Nuclear India in the 21st Century, New York: Palgrave (St. Martins and Macmillan) Publishers, 85-104.

1999: “Great Equalizers or Agents of Chaos? Weapons of Mass Destruction and the Emerging International Order,” in International Order and the Future of World Politics, Cambridge University Press, 373-92.

1999: “Preconditions for Prudence: A Sociological Synthesis of Realism and Liberalism,” (Co-authored with John A. Hall) in International Order and the Future of World Politics, Cambridge University Press, 67-77.

1999: “Introduction” (Co-authored with John A. Hall) in International Order and the Future of World Politics, Cambridge University Press, 1-15.

1999: “The State and the Future of World Politics,” (Co-authored with John A. Hall) in International Order and the Future of World Politics, Cambridge University Press, 395-408.

1998: “Power, Influence, and Nuclear Weapons: A Reassessment,” in The Absolute WeaponRevisited, The University of Michigan Press, 19-46.

1998: (With Richard Harknett and James Wirtz) “Understanding Nuclear Weapons in a Transforming World,” in The Absolute Weapon Revisited, The University of Michigan Press, 1-15.

1998: “The NPT and Power Transitions in the International System,” in Raju Thomas ed., TheNuclear Non-Proliferation Regime: Prospects for the 21st Century, Houndmills & New York: Macmillan & St. Martin’s Press, 59-77.

1997: “Nuclear Proliferation and Enduring Regional Conflicts,” in Jaeshik Sohn ed., Peace Strategies for Global Community in the 21st Century, Seoul: Kyung Hee University Press, 703-716.

1993: “The Politics of Unilateral Nuclear Weapon Free-Zones: The Case of the South Pacific,” in Bennett Ramberg ed., Arms Control without Negotiation, Boulder, Lynne Rienner, 159-74 .

Other Publications

2020: The Corona Virus Crisis: The Latest of Many Challenges to the Liberal International Order, Vienna School of International Studies, Discussion Paper, May 15.

2018:  China-US Rivalry: Sleepwalking into War? Madras Courier, October 29.

2018: “The Future of International Institutions and Soft Balancing,” Yale University Press Blog, October 18.

2018: “The Power of Nonalignment,” The Hindu, October 11.

2018: “How India will React to China’s Rise: Soft Balancing Strategy Reconsidered,” War on the Rocks, September.

2018: “India’s Strategic Roadmap,” The National Interest, August 9.

2018:”How Soft Balancing Could Restrain Trump’s America,” Policy Options, August 9.

2018: “Time to Declare South China Sea Zone of Peace,” Straits Times, Singapore, May 22. Reprinted in Real Clear World, May 24; RSIS Commentaries, May 24; Eurasia Review, May 19; Straits Times, Kuala Lumpur, May 24; The Nation, Bangkok, May 26.

2018: “Reimagining Deterrence: New Security Threats and Challenge to the Deterrence Paradigm,” in Comprehensive Deterrence Forum, Santa Monica: Rand Corporation, 31-36.

2017: “Nuclear Taboo,” Sage Encyclopedia of Political Behavior, (with JF Belanger), June, 550-52.

2017: “Global Peaceful Change and Accommodation of Rising Powers: A Scholarly Perspective,” All Azimuth 6, no.2, July 2017:85-94.

2014: “Overcoming South Asia’s Peace Spoilers,” Project Syndicate, April. [Link]

2014: “The Failed State Paradigm: A Response to Mazaar,” E-International Relations, March.

2014: “Pakistan’s Democratic Progression and the Impending Changes in Afghanistan,” The Duck of Minerva, March 8.

2010: “A Plea for Puzzle-Driven International Relations Research,” Qualitative & Multi- Method Research, Fall 2010, pp.13-19.

2008: “The India-U.S. Nuclear Accord: Critics Neglect the Big Picture,” Asia-Pacific Foundation, Vancouver, September 30 [PDF]

2007: “Nuclear Power Struggle,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, July/August, p. 6 [PDF]

2006: “Can There be a Jointly Administered Kashmir?” India Today (Special Anniversary Issue) December 18, pp. 34-35

2006: “India: Relations with the U.S. and Asia after the Bush Visit,” Sasakawa Peace Foundation USA, Washington DC, June, pp. 1-6. [PDF]

2006: “The India-US Nuclear Accord in Strategic Context,” in Wade L. Huntley and Karthika Sasikumar, eds., Nuclear Cooperation with India: New Challenges, New Opportunities, Simons Center for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, University of British Columbia, pp. 47-51.

2005: “NPT” in Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Global Encyclopedia , Santa Barbara: ABC- Clio, Vol. II., pp.252-55

2002: “Kick-starting the Indo-Pakistani Negotiations: Constraints and Opportunities,” Strategic Insights, Center for Contemporary Conflict, Naval Postgraduate School, December

1996: “Theory and the Spread of Nuclear Weapons,” Global Insight, University of California, Los Angeles, 1(1), Spring

Book Reviews

2020: Rising Titans, Falling Giants: How Great Power Exploit Power Shifts. By Joshua R. Shifrisnon, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2018, Perspectives on Politics, September, 18(3); 917-19.

2019: Pakistan’s Nuclear Bomb: A Story of Defiance, Deterrence and Deviance, by Hassan Abbas, London: Hurst, 2018, International Affairs 95(1), 34.

2018: Asymmetry and international Relationships, by Brantly Womack, Cambridge University Press, 2016, Perspectives on Politics, Fall, forthcoming.

2016: The Army and Democracy: Military Politics in Pakistan, by Aqil Shah, Harvard University Press, 2014, The Historian, 78, 1, Spring, pp. 129-131.

2015: How Rivalries End. Karen Rasler, William R. Thompson and Sumit Ganguly, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013, Perspectives on Politics, 13(1), March, pp. 103-105.

2015:The Pashtun Question, Abubaker Siddique.  London: Hurst &Company. 2014, International Affairs 91, 2, March 2015, pp. 440-41.2014: Applied Diplomacy: Through the Prism of Mythology. By  T.P. Sreenivasan & Divya S. Iyer. New Delhi: Wisdom Tree, Indian Foreign Affairs Journal, 9(3), July-Sept, pp.305-06.

2014Flawed Logics: Strategic Nuclear Arms Control from Truman to Obama. James H. Lebovic.  Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013, H-Diplo-ISSF Forum, June, pp.14-16.

2012: Unraveling Internal Conflicts in East Asia and the Pacific: Incidence, Consequences, and Resolutions. Edited by Jacob Bercovitch and Karl DeRouen JR. Rowman and Littlefield, 2011, Perspectives on Politics, 10(2), June, pp. 436-38.2012: J. Samuel Barkin, Realist Constructivism: Rethinking International Relations Theory, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, Canadian Journal of Political Science, 44(4), p.194.

2012: No Man’s Land: Globalization, Territory, and Clandestine Groups in Southeast Asia.  By Justin V. Hastings. Ithaca:  Cornell University Press, 2010, Perspectives on Politics, 10(2), June, pp.  436-38.

2010: International Relations in South Asia, edited by Navnita Chadha Behera, Pacific Affairs, 83(3), September, 626-27.

2009: Four Crises and a Peace Process: American Engagement in South Asia by P.R. Chari, Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema and Stephen P. Cohen (Brookings Institution Press, 2007), Political Science Quarterly, 124(1), Spring, 206-8.

2007: How the Weak Win Wars: A Theory of Asymmetric Conflict by Ivan Arreguin-Toft (Cambridge University Press, 2005), Perspectives on Politics, 5(1), March, 203-04

2005: Operation Parakram: The War Unfinished (Lt. Gen. (Retd.) V.K. Sood and Pravin Sawhney, Sage Publications, 2003), Pacific Affairs, 78(1), Spring, 150-51

2005: Why Wars Widen: A Theory of Predation and Balancing. (Stacy Bergstrom Haldi, Frank Cass), International History Review, 17(1), March, 216-17

2003: The Heart of War (Gwyn Prins, Routledge), Political Studies, 1(2), April 2003, 277

2002: India’s Nuclear Bomb: The Impact on Global Proliferation (George Perkovich, University of California Press), Journal of Asian and African Studies 37(1) 111-13

2001: Dangerous Weapons, Desperate States: Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine (Gary Bertsch and William Potter, eds. Routledge) Journal of Politics 63(1), 361-63

2001: New Nukes: India, Pakistan, and the Global Nuclear Disarmament (Praful Bidwai and Achin Vanaik, Olive Branch Press, 2000), Political Science Quarterly 116 (4), 644-46

2001: Pondering NATO’s Nuclear Options, (David G. Haglund ed., Queens Quarterly, 1999) Canadian Journal of Political Science 34(2), 897-98

2001: The Making of the Indian Atomic Bomb: Science, Secrecy and the Post-Colonial State, (Itty Abraham, Zed Books) Pacific Affairs (73:4 Winter), 607-08

1998: Risk Taking and Decisionmaking: Foreign Military InterventionDecisions, (Yaacov Y.I. Vertzberger, Stanford University Press) Political Science Quarterly, No.113, Fall, 517

1996: To Have and Have Not: Southeast Asian Raw Materials and the Origins of the Pacific War (Jonathan Marshall, University of California Press) Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 27(3), Winter, 569-70

1996: A Question of Values: Johan Galtung’s Peace Research (Peter Lawler, Lynne Rienner), International Journal, 51(2) Spring, 373-75

1995: Military Persuasion (Stephen J. Cimbala, Penn State University Press, 1994); Journal of Politics, 57(4), November, 1228-31

1995: Untying the Knot of War (T. Clifton Morgan, Michigan University Press, 1994), Journal of Politics, 57(4), November, 1228-31

1994: Canada and South Asia: Political and Strategic Relations (Arthur G. Rubinoff, ed., University of Toronto Press, 1992), Canadian Journal of Political Science, March

1986: Public Policy and Policy Analysis in India (R.S. Ganapthy et al. eds., Sage Publications, 1985) for Australian Journal of Politics and History, April